2021年5月21日由张彤教授、威尼斯建筑大学Aldo Aymonino教授、Enrico Fontanari教授联合策展的第17届威尼斯双年展官方平行展“两河口，一个土家会聚之地的再生”（Lianghekou, a Tujia Village of People Re-living Together）在威尼斯禅宫和湖北恩施州宣恩县两河口同时连线开幕。中央人民广播电台国际在线、湖北卫视、中国日报、中国新闻网、长江云、长江日报、云上宣恩、Facebook、Youtube、Bilibli等多个媒体平台向全球双语传播。
张彤教授开幕致辞
张彤教授开幕致辞
Opening Address, Prof. Zhang Tong, the Curator
大家好，我很荣幸参加本次威尼斯建筑双年展的开幕活动，实景展现我们在威尼斯展示的这个中国村庄。
Hello everyone! It is my great pleasure standing here to present the real scenario of the work we exhibiting at Venice Biennale.
我身后的村子就是两河口，曾经是“川盐济楚”古盐道上的重要枢纽。两个世纪以来一直都是商贸集聚之地和土家族与各族人民的会聚之地。
The village behind me is the ancient street called Lianghekou, which was functioned as a trade and service hub along the ancient salt road, and has been acted as a thriving market and a place of Tujia people living together for almost two centuries till the last 20 years.
两河口总体环境Mapping
直至最近20年，城市化浪潮让一切发生了改变，乡村人口向城市迁徙，曾经兴盛的盐道古村逐渐凋敝。
Rapid urbanization changed everything. People moved to the cities to make a living. Once flourished community becomes empty.
时下，乡村旅游的发展为两河口提供了契机，但同时也带来了新的挑战：传统村落如何在迅猛的旅游业发展中，避免浅表性的消费，保护地方遗产的原真性与独特性，使得沉睡的村庄得以再生。这不仅仅是我们在两河口遇到的问题，也是包括威尼斯在内的人类文化遗产共同面临的挑战。
The recent development of rural tourism provides the chance of revitalization. Then the question comes, how to avoid superficial tourist consumption and conserve the authentic values and identities of the local legacies, so as to regenerate the declined village? That is not only a question here at Lianghekou, but also the challenge faced by all human heritages including Venice.
威尼斯禅宫展厅
如你所见，土家族的特色文化之一就是他们独特的民居——吊脚楼。几个世纪以来，这一“干栏”木构建筑体系经过不断演变，发展成为一种高度模数化、装配式的建造系统。这一系统的神奇之处在于能够超越一时一地的需要和条件变化，展现出可变性、灵活性和适应性。事实上，正是这一建造系统高度灵活可变的特点，使得村寨在过往的200年中一直保有活力并不断地自我更新。因此，两河口面临的另外一个挑战是：在城乡生活发生巨大激变的当下，这种独具东方智慧的传统是否依然具备如生命般的自适应韧性和可持续再生能力？
As you can see, one of the acknowledged identities of Tujia culture is their house called stilt timber buildings. The wooden construction named as Gan-Lan has been evolved to a highly-developed modular system and assembly construction in centuries. The system shows amazing characteristics of VARIABILITY, FLEXIBILITY and ADAPTIVITY to the various context of site and function. Actually it was this highly flexible system makes the village self-regenerate, keep livable, adapting to the change of life during the past 200 years. The second question is that does this unique tradition of self-adaptivity still possesses the architectural resilience even if there happens such drastic changes in contemporary urban and rural life?
在威尼斯禅宫展示的模型，老街南端的旧建筑改造
在威尼斯禅宫展示的模型，旧建筑改造
在威尼斯禅宫展示的模型，老街北端的大凉亭
2019年，来自中、意两国四所大学的师生聚集于此，共同应对这两个挑战。两年多来我们得到了当地州、县、镇各级政府以及雅伦格文化艺术基金会的大力支持。目前实验性研究和反思性实践的成果展示于意大利威尼斯禅宫和两河口现场。我们非常欣慰作品能够入选第17届威尼斯国际建筑双年展官方平行展单元，展现我们的所思所行。我希望，通过包括意大利合作伙伴在内的各界人士的共同努力，两河口的再生实践能够向世界提供一个具有持久价值的乡村振兴和文化复兴的中国案例。
With these two questions, the professors and students from 4 universities has been working on this village since 2019. The result of experimental studies and reflective practice are now being presented both at Palazzo Zen in Venice and Lianghekou here on site. We are very appreciated that our work could be selected as the official Collateral Event of the 17th Venice Biennale to present our thinking and acting. I hope that, with continuing collaborative efforts of different sectors including our Italian partners, the practical renewal of Lianghekou can provide a convincing China case with lasting values of rural revitalization and cultural regeneration for the whole world.
会聚·土家长桌宴
